【竞赛题目】
自然地景的建筑
【出题人】
王维仁
王维仁建筑研究室主持人
香港大学建筑系教授
【题 旨】
当下全球建筑共同面对的关键性挑战是：建筑和人如何与自然共生。数百年来发展模式经济对自然的无尽消费，当森林逐渐开垦为农田再转变为建筑，在气候暖化生态环境日益脆弱的危机中，建筑和人该如何与自然共生？面对全球资源剥夺与社会公正的挑战，建筑应该如何尊重人与社区、自然与生态，反映一个资源循环共享的社会？
经过近半个世纪的城市化发展，中国建筑与城市扩张的数量与速度，是人类历史上前所未有的。当我们逐步将阡陌交通的农业地景与小桥流水人家的文化地景，改变为千篇一律“三通四平”的规划用地条件，无论我们增加多少绿建筑和日照间距的规范指标，我们距离自然生态的建筑理想，其实是越来越远了。继承了自然哲学与文人山水的文化，面对21世纪的全球生态与环境危机，作为发展先锋的中国新建筑，除了规模、技术与形象，能对世界建筑环境的永续发展提出什么样的论述？
地景的建筑让地景与建筑成为整体，强调以地质地形、风水水文、植物与有机生命共同形成的生态关系。超越以观赏为主体的园林景观建筑，地景的建筑让建筑成为能反映自然与生态、生产与人居的人文地景。地景的建筑同时也是建筑地景与景观建筑，建筑不但对地形等高线的高程变换保持敏锐，理解地表和地下的水流变换，掌握阳光阴影的移动与四季风向的变化，同时也对大树与林木、虫鸟与花草，保持视觉、听觉与嗅觉的灵敏。
地景的建筑不只是重视地景形成的视觉整体，同时强调经由通风和采光、水和能源的循环，与自然生态形成的功能整合。地景的建筑同时思考与自然结合的构造与材料，探索建构的可持续合理性与诗意美学。地景的建筑经常是低层的，却也采用多层或高层作为一种策略，节约土地保育更多的自然地景。地景的建筑是现象学与感知的，是记忆和场所感的自然地景；地景的建筑反映真与善的自然美感，让简单朴质的文化成为自然生态的一部分；地景的建筑同时也强调开放公正的社会性美学，让参与的公共性成为保育自然的基础。
在一个大约10000平方米范围，你能理解地景变迁与地文轨迹的城乡环境里，无论它是自然环绕的场所或是城市中局部保留的自然地景，避开不宜建筑的生态敏感区，选择一块面积约1000平方米的建筑场地，探索场所中有意义的自然元素与文化地景：山坡谷地、大树田野、溪流湖泊、虫鸟鱼蛙、农舍石墙……在这块1000平方米的建筑场地内，设计一栋或一组面积不少于100平方米，不超过1000平方米，不低于两层楼高的建筑，或居住，或工作，或学习，或体验，思考如何让建筑与自然生态与地景环境共生。在设计里表达建筑空间与场地与地形、树木、水土、气候等自然元素的互动，想象朝夕与四时节气的变换，水文与风向如何在贯穿建筑，阳光与遮阴如何在建筑里游移，建筑如何遮风避雨而同时吸纳吐气。
更重要的是，想象在一百年之后的人事更易， 建筑如何维系场所的自然地景，面对新人新事与环境永续和自然共生。
参考阅读:
- 麦克哈格：设计结合自然（大海与生存；城市：过程与形式）.
- 凯文·林奇：总体设计（2. 场地的分析；9.感觉的形式）.
- 诺伯格-舒尔茨：场所精神：迈向建筑现象学（I场所；II自然场所）.
- 弗兰姆普敦：走向批判的地域主义：抵抗建筑学的六个要点.
评审委员会主任
王建国
中国工程院院士
教育部高等学校建筑类专业教学指导委员会主任委员
东南大学新太阳城官网教授
《建筑师》杂志编委会主任
评审委员
庄惟敏
中国工程院院士
清华大学新太阳城官网院长、教授
清华大学建筑设计研究院院长兼总建筑师
王维仁
王维仁建筑研究室主持人
香港大学建筑系教授
李存东
中国建筑学会秘书长
中国建设科技集团总监
童 明
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院教授
上海梓耘斋建筑工作室主持建筑师
董 功
直向建筑事务所创始人/主持建筑师
法国建筑科学院外籍院士
美国伊利诺大学杰出教授
张鹏举
全国工程勘察设计大师
内蒙古工业大学新太阳城官网教授
李少云
广州市天作建筑规划设计有限公司总经理、设计总监
李 鸽
中国建筑出版传媒有限公司《建筑师》杂志主编
奖项设置
一等奖 1名 奖励证书 ＋ 捌万元人民币整
二等奖 2名 奖励证书 ＋ 伍万元人民币整
三等奖 5名 奖励证书 ＋ 壹万元人民币整
佳作奖 10名 奖励证书 ＋《建筑师》全年杂志六期
【作品提交】
提交内容：
1. 参赛图纸（jpg格式）：表达1000平方米场地设计的总平面图，表达10000平方米范围的环境关系图，表达场地建筑与自然地景的剖面透视图，表达空间形式与地景关系的模型图纸或照片，建筑的平面图、立面图、剖面图，及作者认为必要的表达设计理念和策略的其他图纸或照片等，以及500字以内的设计说明。以上各图及设计说明均须安排在一张竖向构图、A0尺寸（1189mm×841mm）的图纸之内；图纸比例自定；图面表现方法不限；参赛图纸保留高精度，分辨率控制在300dpi以上。
2. 设计说明（word文件）：控制在500字以内。
3. 作者信息回执表（excel文件）：请通过《建筑师》杂志官网系统“下载专区”下载
（http://thearchitect.cabp.com.cn/ch/index.aspx）。
4. 原创声明（jpg格式）：请通过《建筑师》杂志官网系统“下载专区”下载
（http://thearchitect.cabp.com.cn/ch/index.aspx），打印、手写签名后，回传扫描件。
5. 在校证明（jpg格式）：可证明参赛者在校身份的学生证或院校盖章证明文件。
6. 图纸打印费用截图（jpg格式）：本次竞赛均提交电子版，参赛评图图纸由主办单位统一打印，图纸打印费用需由参赛者支付。支付后在物流信息中获得三位数字的【参赛编号】，该参赛编号将于提交作品时使用。付款方式：扫描下方二维码，提交作品时附缴费截图；务必先下单获取【参赛编号】。
提交方法：
请将全部提交内容通过“附件”发送至竞赛官方邮箱thearchitect1979@cabp.com.cn。邮件及附件统一命名格式：【参赛编号】所在院校-姓名-联系电话。
截止日期：
2020年9月8日17:00前（以邮件发送时间为准，主办方会在截止日期之后统一发送确认邮件）。
参赛资格：
在读的（含2020年毕业生）全日制大学本科、硕士或博士生，不限国家和地区。
评 审：
2020年9～10月于内蒙古工业大学新太阳城官网举行，评选出的入围作品将同期在本平台进行为期一周的公示。
公 布：
评审结果将在公示结束后及时公布；获奖作品及评委点评，将刊登于2020年出版的《建筑师》杂志上。
其 他：
1. 每组参赛作品的作者不得超过三名，指导教师不得超过两名。参赛作者必须为在校的大学本科生、硕士或博士生，如发现不符者，将取消其参赛资格。
2. 本次竞赛无需报名，不收取参赛者报名费或注册费；确定提交参赛作品方需提交图纸打印费用。
3. 本次竞赛无实际场地和具体任务书的详细要求，可根据条件自行拟定。（注：提醒参赛者，在方案设计之前，请务必仔细审题，并严格按提交图面中的各项要求完成图纸绘制。1000平方米场地设计的总平面图，10000平方米范围的环境关系图，场地建筑与自然地景的剖面透视图，空间形式与地景关系的模型图纸或照片，建筑的平面图、立面图、剖面图，以上图纸均需在图纸中表达，否则图纸将视为无效。）
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5. 参赛作品的著作权归作者本人所有，出版权归《建筑师》杂志所有。
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【执委会大赛秘书长】
李 鸽
《建筑师》杂志主编
【执委会联络委员】
陈海娇、刘川、柳冉
【联系电话】
010—58337043 / 7115 / 7029 / 7105
主办单位
中国建筑出版传媒有限公司 《建筑师》杂志社
广州市天作建筑规划设计有限公司
内蒙古工业大学新太阳城官网
英文版丨English
▼
【TOPIC】
Architecture of Landscape with Nature
【TOPIC MAKER】
WANG Weijen
Director of Wang Weijen Architecture;
Professor of Department of Architecture, University of Hong Kong
【BRIEF】
Architecture globally is now facing critical challenges on how to work with nature that relate more broadly to the human condition in the face of environmental and social crises. For the past hundred years, in the context of economic development and its un-limited consumption of natural resources, land reclamation has drastically turned major forests, first into farmlands and then eventually into built-land for development. Confronted with global warming and the increasingly fragile ecology of our earth, how can architecture coexist with natural environment? With global resource depletion and social in-justice, how can architecture sustain humanity and ecology by coordinating with communities, respecting nature and landscape, facilitating the recycling of resources and creating a sharing society?
After nearly a half-century of accelerating urbanization, the scale of expansion for buildings and cities in China has been drastically multiplied reaching a speed that has never appeared in the human history before. By transforming the agricultural and culture landscape into speculative real-estate for construction and despite the proliferation of green building regulations for implementing sustainable strategies we are actually moving further away from an architecture of landscape and nature. With a rich cultural background comprising art, literature and philosophy historically developed in relation to nature, how could a new architecture in China contribute to discourses of landscape and sustainability that are rooted in nature and ecology?
An architecture of landscape integrates architecture with the landscape. It is an integral part of an ecological system working together with geology and topography, location and hydrology, green plants and other organic lives. Beyond addressing the visual pleasure of certain landscape architecture, an architecture of landscape makes architecture part of the cultural landscape of place. The cultural landscape of place comprises relationships with production and inhabitation as well nature and ecology. An architecture of landscape is both landscape architecture as well as architectural landscape. It requires great attention to the variation of contour and datum levels, a good understanding of water flow on and beneath the ground, knowledge of the movement of the sun and the change of the wind, and a strong perceptual and ecological understanding of the trees and forest, insects and floras.
An architecture of landscape not only addresses the visual integration of architecture with landscape, it also addresses the functional integration of architecture into its natural environment including ventilation and lighting, water, energy and resource recycling within the natural ecology. At the same time, an architecture of landscape integrates materials and construction with nature exploring a sustainable tectonics of poetic beauty. An architecture of landscape could most likely be low-rise, however, multi-story or tall buildings could be adopted strategically as they may help conserve land for nature. An architecture of landscape is phenomenological and perceptual. It is a natural landscape of memory with a sense of place. An architecture of landscape reflects the aesthetics of authenticity integrating a culture of simplicity with nature and its ecological environment. An architecture of landscape also stresses the beauty of societies with openness and justice allowing communal and civic participation in the building up of the foundation of nature conservation and environmental protection.
Choose a building site of around 1000㎡ from an urban-rural environment of 10000㎡, in which you understand the transformations of its culture and natural landscape through studies and land-traces.
Weather it is a place among nature or a piece of natural landscape within a city, avoid choosing environmental or ecologically sensitive site that should not be built upon, without a strong reasoning. You are to identify the meaningful natural elements and cultural landscape: hillsides and valleys, trees and fields, streams and lakes, insects and fishes, cottages and stone-walls. Within the 1000㎡ chosen site, design a building or a building complex with floor area of no less than 100㎡ and no more than 1000㎡. Your design should have more than one floor-level. It should be used for certain functions such as living, working, learning or experiencing. You are to think critically on how to achieve a symbiotic relationship between architecture, landscape, ecology and environment, illustrate in your design how the site and architectural spaces interact with natural elements of topography, tree, water, land and climate. Please consider the changes your building undergoes from day to night and through the seasons. Consider how water and air flow through your building. Pay attention to how sunlight and shade moves in your spaces. Figure out how the building can shelter you from rain, snow and wind, while also facilitating air and light circulation within so that the building breathes.
The most important thing is to imagine, 100 years later, how an architecture of landscape can sustain its symbiotic relationship with nature, when the human condition and events have transformed and renewed, and the new life of architecture begins.
Reference Readings:
- Ian L. McHarg: Design with Nature (Sea and Survival; The City: Process and Form).
- Kevin Lynch: Site Planning (2. Site Form and Site Ecology; 9. Sensuous Forms).
- Christian Norberg-Schultz:
Genius Loci -Toward a Phenomenology of Architecture (I Place; II Natural Place).
- Kenneth Frampton: Toward a Critical Regionalism: Six Points for an Architecture of Resistance.
DIRECTOR OF THE JURY
WANG Jianguo
Academician at Chinese Academy of EngineeringDirector of National Supervision Board of Architectural Education (China)Professor of School of Architecture, Southeast UniversityDirector of The Architect Editorial Board
JURY MEMBERS
ZHUANG WeiminAcademician at Chinese Academy of EngineeringDirector ＆Professor of School of Architecture, Tsinghua UniversityDirector ＆Chief Architect of Architectural Design and Research Institute of Tsinghua University Co.，LTD.
WANG WeijenDirector of Wang Weijen ArchitectureProfessor of Department of Architecture, University of Hong Kong
LI Cundong Secretary General of Architectural Society of China Chief Inspector of China Construction Technology Group
TONG MingProfessor，College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji UniversityFounder and principal architect of TM Studio, Shanghai
DONG GongFounder / Design Principal of Vector ArchitectsForeign Member of French Academy of ArchitecturePlym Distinguished Visiting Professor，University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
ZHANG PengjuMaster of Engineering Investigation and Design across the NationProfessor, College of Architecture, Inner Mongolia University of Technology
LI ShaoyunGeneral Manager and Design Director of TEAMZERO
LI GeEditor-in-Chief of The Architect, China Architecture Publishing & Media Co., Ltd.
AWRDS
The 1st Prize (One Winner) : Certificate +
¥ 80,000
The 2nd Prize (Two Winners) : Certificate +
¥ 50,000
The 3rd Prize (Five Winners) : Certificate +
¥ 10,000
The Excellence Prize (Ten Winners) : Certificate + 6 issues of The Architect magazine in a year
【SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS】
Submission Materials
1. Design Drawings: One A0 (1189mm×841mm) board in JPG format, the information which is necessary to explain the design is encouraged to submit. Content may include but not limited to site plan covering the 1000㎡ site，location plan indicating the 10000㎡ context，sectional perspective illustrating the architecture with landscape，model illustrating the spatial form with landscape，architectural plan elevation and section. A design note within 500 words is also contained. The resolution of the board must be no less than 300dpi.
2. Design Note: It should be in DOC format and no more than 500 words.
3. Author Information: The information collection table is available for download on the web site. (http://thearchitect.cabp.com.cn/ch/index.aspx)
4. Declaration of the Originality: The commitment is available for download on the web site. (http://thearchitect.cabp.com.cn/ch/index.aspx)
5. Statement of Student’s Status: The competition is open to all in-school students from China and overseas. A certification with college seal is needed to confirm identity.
6. Entry Fee: The competition is free but entrants need to pay the cost of printing drawings. After the payment, the entrant would get a 【Reference Number 】 with three numbers from logistics information and this number would be used when submitting the works. Scan the following QR code to pay and submit the screenshot of payment voucher（in JPG Format） with your entry to the E-mail: thearchitect1979@cabp.com.cn. Please remember to get the 【Reference Number】.
Submission Method:Please submit all the materials to E-mail: thearchitect1979@cabp.com.cn.Name Format of e-mail and attachment: [Reference Number] Name of Entrant’s University, Name of Entrant, Telephone Number.
Date of Submission:
Please submit all the materials to E-mail before 17：00, Sep 8, 2020 ( 24:00 China Standard Time). And you will receive our mail as a response.
Contestants:
This competition is open to all in-school students from China and overseas, including the students who would finish the study in 2020.
Selection Process:
The entries will be selected at College of Architecture, IMUT during September to October, 2020. And the results will be displayed to public online for a week at the same time. Publication：The final results will be known until the selection process is completed.The award-winning works and critics will be published in The Architect No. 208.
REGULATIONS:
1. There are not more than three participants and at most two tutors per group.The competition is open to all in-school students from China and overseas.
2. No registration is required. The competition is free but entrants need to pay the cost of printing drawings.
3. No specific location site is required and no extra tasks are given. Entrants could choose those stuffs by yourselves. (PS: Entries will not be reviewed if any of the rules or submission requirements are not considered. Content may include but not limited to site plan covering the 1000m² site, location plan indicating the 10000m² context, sectional perspective illustrating the architecture with landscape, model illustrating the spatial form with landscape, architectural plan elevation and section.
4. Participants are not allowed to submit a project that was also submitted for a different competition which ends before the results of TEAMZERO Award Architecture Students Design Competition are announced.
5. The copyright of the entry belongs to the author and the publishing right belongs to the Architect.
6. Entries should be originated; Plagiarism is prohibited.
7. Competition Consultation: Scan the following QR code to join our QQ group（ID:775343930）.
【Secretary-General of Competition】
LI Ge
Editor-in-Chief of The Architect
【Contact】
CHEN Haijiao；LIU Chuan；LIU Ran
010—58337043 / 7115 / 7029/ 7105
【Sponsor】
The Architect, China Architecture Publishing & Media Co., Ltd.
TEAMZERO Architecture and Planning Co., Ltd. Guangzhou
College of Architecture, Inner Mongolia University of Technology
《建筑师》杂志由中国建筑出版传媒有限公司（原中国建筑工业出版社）主办
内容统筹：李鸽、陈海娇
微信编辑：柳冉
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